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''Suicide'' ((フランス語:Le Suicide)) is an 1897 book written by French sociologist Émile Durkheim. It is ostensibly a case study of suicide, a publication unique for its time that provided an example of what the sociological monograph should look like. Some argue that it is not a case study, which makes it unique among other scholarly work on the same subject. ==Findings== Durkheim explores the differing suicide rates among Protestants and Catholics, arguing that stronger social control among Catholics results in lower suicide rates. According to Durkheim, Catholic society has normal levels of integration while Protestant society has low levels. There are at least two problems with this interpretation. First, Durkheim took most of his data from earlier researchers, notably Adolph Wagner and Henry Morselli,〔Stark, Rodney and William Sims Bainbridge. 1996. ''Religion, Deviance and Social Control''. Routledge, (Google Print p. 32 )〕 who were much more careful in generalizing from their own data. Second, later researchers found that the Protestant-Catholic differences in suicide seemed to be limited to German-speaking Europe and thus may always have been the spurious reflection of other factors.〔Pope, Whitney, and Nick Danigelis. 1981. "Sociology's One Law," ''Social Forces'' 60:496–514.〕 Despite its limitations, Durkheim's work on suicide has influenced proponents of control theory, and is often mentioned as a classic sociological study. Durkheim concluded that: *Suicide rates are higher in men than women (although married women who remained childless for a number of years ended up with a high suicide rate). *Suicide rates are higher for those who are single than those who are married. *Suicide rates are higher for people without children than people with children. *Suicide rates are higher among Protestants than Catholics and Jews. *Suicide rates are higher among soldiers than civilians. *Suicide rates are higher in times of peace than in times of war (the suicide rate in France fell after the ''coup d'etat'' of Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte, for example. War also reduced the suicide rate: after war broke out in 1866 between Austria and Italy, the suicide rate fell by 14% in both countries.) *Suicide rates are higher in Scandinavian countries. *The higher the education level, the more likely it was that an individual would choose suicide. However, Durkheim established that there is more correlation between an individual's religion and suicide rate than an individual's education level. Jewish people were generally highly educated but had a low suicide rate. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Suicide (book)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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